import { buildDeck, Card } from '../cards/Card';
import { Rank } from '../cards/Rank';
import { Suit } from '../cards/Suit';
import { Rng } from '../util/Rng';
import { Action, Actions, ActionType, IllegalActionError } from './Action';
import { GameEvent, GameEventType } from './GameEvent';
import {
    cloneState, GameState, Phase, PlayerId, PlayerState, Seat, TableSlot,
} from './GameState';

/** Cards a player refills to at the end of a turn. */
export const HAND_SIZE = 6;
/** Most attacking cards allowed in one turn. */
export const MAX_TABLE_SLOTS = 6;
/** The opening turn of a game allows one fewer. */
export const FIRST_TURN_MAX_TABLE_SLOTS = 5;

export interface GameOptions {
    /** Seating order, clockwise. At least two. */
    players: PlayerId[];
    seed: number;
}

export interface ApplyResult {
    state: GameState;
    events: GameEvent[];
}

/** Whether `defence` beats `attack` given the trump suit. */
export function beats(defence: Card, attack: Card, trumpSuit: Suit): boolean {
    if (defence.suit === attack.suit) {
        return defence.rank > attack.rank;
    }
    return defence.suit === trumpSuit;
}

// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
// Setup
// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------

export function createGame(options: GameOptions): ApplyResult {
    if (options.players.length < 2) {
        throw new RangeError('A game needs at least two players');
    }
    if (new Set(options.players).size !== options.players.length) {
        throw new RangeError('Player ids must be unique');
    }
    if (options.players.length * HAND_SIZE + 1 > 36) {
        throw new RangeError('Too many players for a 36-card deck');
    }

    const rng = new Rng(options.seed);
    const shuffled = rng.shuffle(buildDeck());
    const events: GameEvent[] = [];

    const players: PlayerState[] = options.players.map((id) => ({ id, hand: [], out: false }));
    for (const player of players) {
        player.hand = shuffled.splice(0, HAND_SIZE);
        events.push({ type: GameEventType.Dealt, player: player.id, cards: player.hand.slice() });
    }

    // The next card is turned face up to set the trump, then slid under the draw
    // pile: it is the very last card anyone will draw.
    const trumpCard = shuffled.shift() as Card;
    const deck = [...shuffled, trumpCard];
    events.push({ type: GameEventType.TrumpRevealed, card: trumpCard });

    const attacker = chooseFirstAttacker(players, trumpCard.suit, rng);
    const defender = (attacker + 1) % players.length;

    const state: GameState = {
        players,
        deck,
        trumpCard,
        trumpSuit: trumpCard.suit,
        table: [],
        discard: [],
        phase: Phase.Attack,
        attacker,
        defender,
        turnNumber: 1,
        defenderTook: false,
        passed: players.map(() => false),
        rngState: rng.state,
        loser: null,
    };

    events.push({
        type: GameEventType.TurnStarted,
        turnNumber: 1,
        attacker: players[attacker].id,
        defender: players[defender].id,
    });

    return { state, events };
}

/**
 * Lowest trump goes first; if nobody holds a trump, the lowest card of any suit;
 * a remaining tie is broken at random. See GAMEPLAY.md.
 */
function chooseFirstAttacker(players: PlayerState[], trumpSuit: Suit, rng: Rng): Seat {
    const lowestTrump = players.map((p) => lowestRankOfSuit(p.hand, trumpSuit));
    let candidates = argMin(lowestTrump);
    if (lowestTrump[candidates[0]] === Infinity) {
        candidates = argMin(players.map((p) => lowestRank(p.hand)));
    }
    return candidates.length === 1 ? candidates[0] : rng.pick(candidates);
}

function lowestRankOfSuit(hand: readonly Card[], suit: Suit): number {
    let best = Infinity;
    for (const card of hand) {
        if (card.suit === suit && card.rank < best) best = card.rank;
    }
    return best;
}

function lowestRank(hand: readonly Card[]): number {
    let best = Infinity;
    for (const card of hand) {
        if (card.rank < best) best = card.rank;
    }
    return best;
}

function argMin(values: readonly number[]): Seat[] {
    const min = Math.min(...values);
    const result: Seat[] = [];
    values.forEach((v, i) => {
        if (v === min) result.push(i);
    });
    return result;
}

// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
// Queries
// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------

export function seatOf(state: GameState, player: PlayerId): Seat {
    const seat = state.players.findIndex((p) => p.id === player);
    if (seat < 0) {
        throw new RangeError(`No player '${player}' in this game`);
    }
    return seat;
}

/** Attacking seats this turn: the attacker first, then clockwise, defender excluded. */
export function attackSeats(state: GameState): Seat[] {
    const seats: Seat[] = [];
    for (let i = 0; i < state.players.length; i++) {
        const seat = (state.attacker + i) % state.players.length;
        if (seat === state.defender || state.players[seat].out) continue;
        seats.push(seat);
    }
    return seats;
}

/**
 * The single participant the game is waiting on, or null when the game is over.
 *
 * Real durak lets attackers throw cards in at any moment. Serialising that into
 * one actor at a time costs nothing at this table size and makes a whole match a
 * plain sequence of decisions. See docs/DECISIONS.md.
 */
export function currentActor(state: GameState): PlayerId | null {
    switch (state.phase) {
        case Phase.Attack:
            return state.players[state.attacker].id;
        case Phase.Defence:
            return state.players[state.defender].id;
        case Phase.Reinforce: {
            const seat = attackSeats(state).find((s) => !state.passed[s]);
            return seat === undefined ? null : state.players[seat].id;
        }
        case Phase.Finished:
            return null;
    }
}

/** Indices of table slots that still need to be beaten. */
export function unbeatenSlots(state: GameState): number[] {
    const result: number[] = [];
    state.table.forEach((slot, i) => {
        if (slot.defence === null) result.push(i);
    });
    return result;
}

export function maxTableSlots(state: GameState): number {
    return state.turnNumber === 1 ? FIRST_TURN_MAX_TABLE_SLOTS : MAX_TABLE_SLOTS;
}

function ranksOnTable(state: GameState): Set<Rank> {
    const ranks = new Set<Rank>();
    for (const slot of state.table) {
        ranks.add(slot.attack.rank);
        if (slot.defence) ranks.add(slot.defence.rank);
    }
    return ranks;
}

/**
 * Why a card may not be added right now, or null if it may. The three limits are
 * taken from GAMEPLAY.md; how they are read is recorded in docs/DECISIONS.md.
 */
export function whyCannotAdd(state: GameState, card: Card): string | null {
    if (state.table.length >= maxTableSlots(state)) {
        return `the table already holds ${state.table.length} attacking cards`;
    }
    if (unbeatenSlots(state).length >= state.players[state.defender].hand.length) {
        return 'the defender does not hold enough cards to answer another one';
    }
    if (state.table.length > 0 && !ranksOnTable(state).has(card.rank)) {
        return `nothing of that rank is on the table`;
    }
    return null;
}

function hasAddableCard(state: GameState, seat: Seat): boolean {
    return state.players[seat].hand.some((card) => whyCannotAdd(state, card) === null);
}

/** Every action `player` may legally take right now. Empty when it is not their move. */
export function legalActions(state: GameState, player: PlayerId): Action[] {
    if (currentActor(state) !== player) {
        return [];
    }
    const hand = state.players[seatOf(state, player)].hand;

    switch (state.phase) {
        case Phase.Attack:
            // The opening card of a turn: anything in hand, and no option to skip.
            return hand.map((card) => Actions.attack(player, card));

        case Phase.Defence: {
            const actions: Action[] = [Actions.take(player)];
            for (const slot of unbeatenSlots(state)) {
                for (const card of hand) {
                    if (beats(card, state.table[slot].attack, state.trumpSuit)) {
                        actions.push(Actions.defend(player, card, slot));
                    }
                }
            }
            return actions;
        }

        case Phase.Reinforce: {
            const actions: Action[] = [Actions.pass(player)];
            for (const card of hand) {
                if (whyCannotAdd(state, card) === null) {
                    actions.push(Actions.attack(player, card));
                }
            }
            return actions;
        }

        case Phase.Finished:
            return [];
    }
}

// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
// Transition
// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------

/**
 * The one way a game moves forward. Pure: `state` is not modified; a new state
 * and the events describing the change are returned.
 */
export function apply(state: GameState, action: Action): ApplyResult {
    const next = cloneState(state);
    const events: GameEvent[] = [];

    if (next.phase === Phase.Finished) {
        throw new IllegalActionError(action, 'the game is over');
    }
    const actor = currentActor(next);
    if (actor !== action.player) {
        throw new IllegalActionError(action, `it is not their move`);
    }
    const seat = seatOf(next, action.player);
    const hand = next.players[seat].hand;

    switch (action.type) {
        case ActionType.Attack: {
            if (next.phase !== Phase.Attack && next.phase !== Phase.Reinforce) {
                throw new IllegalActionError(action, `cannot attack during the ${next.phase} phase`);
            }
            requireInHand(action, hand, action.card);
            const refusal = whyCannotAdd(next, action.card);
            if (refusal) {
                throw new IllegalActionError(action, refusal);
            }
            removeCard(hand, action.card);
            next.table.push({ attack: action.card, defence: null });
            events.push({
                type: GameEventType.Attacked,
                player: action.player,
                card: action.card,
                slot: next.table.length - 1,
            });
            // A new card on the table reopens the decision for everyone who had
            // already declared they were done.
            next.passed.fill(false);
            next.phase = next.defenderTook ? Phase.Reinforce : Phase.Defence;
            break;
        }

        case ActionType.Defend: {
            if (next.phase !== Phase.Defence) {
                throw new IllegalActionError(action, `cannot defend during the ${next.phase} phase`);
            }
            const slot: TableSlot | undefined = next.table[action.slot];
            if (!slot) {
                throw new IllegalActionError(action, `there is no slot ${action.slot}`);
            }
            if (slot.defence !== null) {
                throw new IllegalActionError(action, `slot ${action.slot} is already beaten`);
            }
            requireInHand(action, hand, action.card);
            if (!beats(action.card, slot.attack, next.trumpSuit)) {
                throw new IllegalActionError(action, `${action.card.code} does not beat ${slot.attack.code}`);
            }
            removeCard(hand, action.card);
            slot.defence = action.card;
            events.push({
                type: GameEventType.Defended,
                player: action.player,
                card: action.card,
                slot: action.slot,
            });
            next.passed.fill(false);
            if (unbeatenSlots(next).length === 0) {
                next.phase = Phase.Reinforce;
            }
            break;
        }

        case ActionType.Take: {
            if (next.phase !== Phase.Defence) {
                throw new IllegalActionError(action, `cannot take during the ${next.phase} phase`);
            }
            next.defenderTook = true;
            next.passed.fill(false);
            next.phase = Phase.Reinforce;
            events.push({ type: GameEventType.TookDeclared, player: action.player });
            break;
        }

        case ActionType.Pass: {
            if (next.phase !== Phase.Reinforce) {
                throw new IllegalActionError(action, `cannot pass during the ${next.phase} phase`);
            }
            next.passed[seat] = true;
            events.push({ type: GameEventType.Passed, player: action.player });
            break;
        }
    }

    settle(next, events);
    return { state: next, events };
}

function requireInHand(action: Action, hand: readonly Card[], card: Card): void {
    if (!hand.includes(card)) {
        throw new IllegalActionError(action, `${card.code} is not in hand`);
    }
}

function removeCard(hand: Card[], card: Card): void {
    hand.splice(hand.indexOf(card), 1);
}

/**
 * Advances anything that needs no decision: an attacker with nothing legal to
 * add is passed silently, and a turn where every attacker is done is resolved.
 */
function settle(state: GameState, events: GameEvent[]): void {
    while (state.phase === Phase.Reinforce) {
        const pending = attackSeats(state).filter((s) => !state.passed[s]);
        if (pending.length === 0) {
            resolveTurn(state, events);
            return;
        }
        if (hasAddableCard(state, pending[0])) {
            return; // A real choice — wait for it.
        }
        state.passed[pending[0]] = true;
    }
}

function resolveTurn(state: GameState, events: GameEvent[]): void {
    const tableCards: Card[] = [];
    for (const slot of state.table) {
        tableCards.push(slot.attack);
        if (slot.defence) tableCards.push(slot.defence);
    }

    if (state.defenderTook) {
        state.players[state.defender].hand.push(...tableCards);
        events.push({
            type: GameEventType.TableTaken,
            player: state.players[state.defender].id,
            cards: tableCards.slice(),
        });
    } else if (tableCards.length > 0) {
        state.discard.push(...tableCards);
        events.push({ type: GameEventType.TableDiscarded, cards: tableCards.slice() });
    }
    state.table = [];

    // Refill: the attacker first, then clockwise, and the defender last.
    for (const seat of [...attackSeats(state), state.defender]) {
        const player = state.players[seat];
        if (player.out) continue;
        const wanted = HAND_SIZE - player.hand.length;
        if (wanted <= 0 || state.deck.length === 0) continue;
        const drawn = state.deck.splice(0, wanted);
        player.hand.push(...drawn);
        events.push({
            type: GameEventType.Drew,
            player: player.id,
            cards: drawn.slice(),
            deckRemaining: state.deck.length,
        });
    }

    // Anyone who could not refill has run out of cards and leaves the game.
    for (const player of state.players) {
        if (!player.out && player.hand.length === 0) {
            player.out = true;
            events.push({ type: GameEventType.PlayerOut, player: player.id });
        }
    }

    const active = state.players.filter((p) => !p.out);
    if (active.length <= 1) {
        state.phase = Phase.Finished;
        state.loser = active.length === 1 ? active[0].id : null;
        events.push({ type: GameEventType.GameOver, loser: state.loser });
        return;
    }

    // A successful defence hands the attack to the defender; a defender who took
    // is skipped, so the attack passes to the seat after them.
    const base = state.defenderTook ? state.defender + 1 : state.defender;
    state.attacker = nextActiveSeat(state, base);
    state.defender = nextActiveSeat(state, state.attacker + 1);

    state.turnNumber += 1;
    state.defenderTook = false;
    state.passed.fill(false);
    state.phase = Phase.Attack;
    events.push({
        type: GameEventType.TurnStarted,
        turnNumber: state.turnNumber,
        attacker: state.players[state.attacker].id,
        defender: state.players[state.defender].id,
    });
}

/** The first seat at or after `from` (wrapping) that is still in the game. */
function nextActiveSeat(state: GameState, from: Seat): Seat {
    const n = state.players.length;
    for (let i = 0; i < n; i++) {
        const seat = (((from + i) % n) + n) % n;
        if (!state.players[seat].out) return seat;
    }
    throw new Error('No active players left');
}